猪粪堆肥用微生物及其效果研究进展

Research progress on microorganisms for pig manure composting and their effects

堆肥是实现猪粪资源化利用的主要途径之一。堆肥过程通过微生物的作用来实现堆体的腐熟和无害化,但传统的堆肥存在堆肥周期长、产生臭气,以及作为有机肥施用于耕地后其中抗生素和重金属沉积带来的环境问题和对人体健康的不利影响,而在堆肥过程中添加外源微生物添加剂可大幅度提升堆肥的品质。文章简述了猪粪的污染现状及常见的堆肥方式,重点综述了堆肥用微生物及其效果的研究进展,以期为选择恰当的猪粪堆肥微生物提供参考。

Composting is one of the main ways to realize the resource utilization of pig manure. In the composting process, microorganisms are used to make the compost mature and harmless. However, traditional composting has some environmental problems and adverse effects on human health, because of long composting cycle, strong odor, antibiotic and heavy metal deposition in the soil after being applied as organic manure. The quality of compost can be greatly improved by adding exogenous microbial additives in the composting process. In this paper, the pollution status of pig manure and the common way of composting process were summarized, and the research progress of microorganism and its effect on pig manure composting was reviewed in order to provide reference for selecting appropriate microorganisms for pig manure composting.