基于计算流体力学的猪舍冬季气流环境模拟与优化研究

Simulation and optimization of winter airflow environment in piggery based on CFD

为了探究北方猪舍冬季通风问题,满足猪舍的通风与设计优化需求,试验以吉林省前郭县某新建试验猪舍为研究对象,等比例建模仿真,采用计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)技术研究了试验猪舍冬季机械通风条件下的气流环境,分析三维迹线分布,分别提取并讨论了仔猪、育肥猪和空怀母猪、产床上的哺乳母猪、饲养员呼吸高度水平面的气流速度云,对母猪舍进行通风系统优化与模拟。结果表明:试验猪舍内结构设施越简单,气流迹线分布越密集;舍内位置越高,气流速度分布越均匀;母猪舍和育肥猪舍射流明显,但育肥猪舍由于绕流而迅速衰减;母猪舍内高速射流范围贯穿南北,通过在南墙及进气口处安装通风管道能够得以消除。说明利用CFD技术对试验猪舍通风环境进行模拟,对猪舍的生产与优化具有重要意义。

In order to explore the ventilation problems of northern piggery in winter and meet the requirements of ventilation and design optimization of piggery, a newly-built experimental piggery in Qianguo County, Jilin Province was taken as the research object, and the equal-scale modeling and simulation were carried out. The airflow environment of experimental piggeries under mechanical ventilation in winter was studied by computational fluid dynamics(CFD) technology. Three-dimensional trace distribution was analyzed, and the air velocity cloud images were extracted and discussed at the breathing height horizontal level of piglets, fattening pigs and empty pregnant sows, lactating sows on the obstetric table, and breeders. The ventilation system of sow piggery was optimized and simulated. The results show that the simpler the structure was in the experimental piggery, the denser the air trace distribution was. The higher the position was, the more uniform the air velocity distribution was. The jet flow were obvious in the sows and fattening piggery, but the jet flow in the fattening piggery decreases rapidly due to the flow around. The high speed jet flow in the sows piggery runs from south to north, which can be eliminated by setting up ventilation pipes at the south wall and the air inlet. The results indicated the simulation of ventilation environment of experimental piggery by CFD technology is of great significance to the production and optimization of piggery.