四个山羊品种的角型统计及角型指标与生产性状的相关分析

Statistics of horn types and analysis of correlation between horn type indexes and production characters of four goat breeds

为了研究山羊角型是否与生产性状紧密相关,试验采用统计学的方法对共计38545只的阿尔巴斯白绒山羊、“敏盖”内蒙古白绒山羊、陕北白绒山羊、阿拉善白绒山羊的角型进行统计并分析角型分布差异,对角型分布存在显著差异的阿尔巴斯白绒山羊的角型指标(角长、角间距、角基周长)与生产性状(初生重、绒细度、毛长、产绒量、剪绒后体重、额前毛长、角间距和角长)进行相关性分析。结果表明:陕北白绒山羊、“敏盖”内蒙古白绒山羊和阿拉善白绒山羊的优势角型为拧角,所占比例分别为75.31%、94.70%和67.19%;阿尔巴斯白绒山羊公羊的优势角型为螺旋角(63.74%)和拧角(26.41%),母羊的优势角型为螺旋角(38.84%)、弯角(28.14%)和平角(26.60%)。配对样本t检验发现阿尔巴斯白绒山羊公羊和母羊的角型分布存在显著差异(P<0.05)。母羊的角基周长与剪绒后体重显著相关(P<0.05),角长和绒细度显著相关(P<0.05);公羊中未发现角型指标与生产性状的相关性;公母羊的角基周长与角长、角间距均存在显著相关性(P<0.05)。角长、角间距和角基周长这3个角型指标密切相关,角长和角基周长越大、角间距越小,则对应的绒细度越小、剪绒后体重越大。说明山羊的角型与生产性状之间存在相关性。

In order to investigate whether the horn types of goats were closely related to production traits, the horn types of 38 545 Aerbasi white cashmere goats, “Mingai” Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats, Shanbei White cashmere goats and Alashan white cashmere goats were analyzed by statistical method. Correlation analysis was conducted between the horn type indexes(horn length, horn spacing and horn base circumference) and the production traits(birth weight, cashmere fineness, wool length, cashmere yield, weight, forehead hair, horn base circumfe-rence, horn spacing) of Aerbasi white cashmere goats. The results showed that the dominant horn types of Shanbei White cashmere goats, “Mingai” Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats and Alashan white cashmere goats were twist horn, accounting for 75.31%, 94.70% and 67.19% respectively;the dominant horn types of Aerbasi white cashmere rams were twist horn(26.41%) and helical horn(63.74%), and the dominant horn types of ewes were helical horn(38.84%), bent horns(28.14%) and flat horns(26.60%). T-test of paired samples showed that there was a significant difference in the distribution of horn types between rams and ewes(P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between the horn base circumference of ewes and the weight after shearing(P<0.05), and a significant correlation between horn length and cashmere fineness(P<0.05). There was no correlation between the horn types and the production traits in rams and ewes, but there was significant correlation between the horn base circumference and the horn length and horn spacing(P<0.05). The horn length, horn spacing and horn base circumference were closely related. The larger the horn length and base circumference were, the smaller the horn spacing was. The smaller the cashmere fineness was, the larger the weight was after shearing. The results indicated that there was a correlation between the horn type and production traits in goats.