青贮玉米不同器官与产量和品质的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of different organs with yield and quality of silage maize

为了明确不同源库器官与青贮玉米产量和品质的相关性,试验以早熟品种德美亚1号、中熟品种中原单32、晚熟品种大京九26为试验材料,通过随机区组试验,选择不同熟期青贮玉米叶片、叶鞘、茎秆、雄穗、苞叶、穗轴、籽粒与产量和品质进行相关性分析。结果表明:随着熟期的延迟青贮玉米产量呈先下降后上升趋势,品质呈下降趋势。大京九26的生物产量和青体产量最高,分别为22.70 t/hm^(2)和81.02 t/hm^(2);德美亚1号品质最优,相对饲喂价值为157.1。不同品种的不同器官与产量和品质的相关性具有品种间的特异性。其中,雄穗与生物产量均呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),叶鞘与青体产量均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。叶片、苞叶、穗轴、籽粒、茎秆与粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、淀粉呈显著或极显著(P<0.05或P<0.01)相关。说明雄穗、叶鞘是影响玉米生物产量的主要器官,叶片、苞叶、穗轴、籽粒、茎秆是影响青贮玉米品质的主要器官。

In order to clarify the correlation between organs from different sources and sinks and the yield and quality of silage corn, early-maturing variety Demeiya 1, mid-maturing variety Zhongyuandan 32, and late-maturing variety Dajingjiu 26 were selected as experimental materials for random block experiment. Correlation analysis between leaves, sheaths, stalks, tassels, bracts, cobs, grains and yield and quality of mature silage maize was carried out. The results showed that with the delay of maturity, the yield of silage corn decreased first and then increased, and the quality decreased. The biological yield and fresh weight yield of Dajingjiu 26 were the highest with 22.70 t/hm^(2)and 81.02 t/hm^(2), respectively. Demeiya 1 had the best quality with a relative feeding value of 157.1. The correlation between different organs of different varieties and yield and quality was variety-specific. Among them, tassels were highly significantly and positively correlated with biological yield(P<0.01), and sheaths were significantly and positively correlated with green body yield(P<0.05). Leaves, bracts, cobs, stalks and grains were significantly(P<0.05) or highly significantly(P<0.01) correlated with crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and starch. It showed that the tassels and sheaths were the main organs affecting the biological yield of silage maize, the leaves, bracts, cobs, stalks and grains were the main organs affecting the quality of silage maize.