强直性脊柱炎共病高脂血症的临床特点及危险因素分析

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Hyperlipidemia in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis

目的分析强直性脊柱炎(AS)患者共病及其共存高脂血症的临床特点及其相关危险因素。方法对2016年1月—2021年4月收治的AS 232例的临床资料进行回顾性分析。收集患者的人口统计学特征、临床特征、影像学特点、实验室指标及其共病等信息。分析AS合并高脂血症的临床特点及危险因素。结果232例AS患者中合并外周关节炎占44.40%;关节外表现中葡萄膜炎的患病率为19.83%。所有AS患者的共病患病率为78.88%。其中患病率较高的是高脂血症、高尿酸血症、贫血等。体质量、吸烟、高尿酸血症和高血压病为AS共存高脂血症相对危险因素,而白球比为其相对保护因素(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论AS患者共病的发生率较高、病种分布广泛。患者体质量、吸烟史及高血压病、高尿酸血症是AS并发高脂血症的影响因素,临床在控制患者病情的同时,应指导患者戒烟,控制体质量、血压、尿酸水平。

Objective To analyze clinical characteristics of comorbid hyperlipidemia in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)and related risk factors.Methods A retrospective study was performed on clinical data of 232 patients with AS admitted between January 2016 and April 2021.Demographic characteristics,clinical characteristics,imaging characteristics,laboratory indexes and comorbidities of patients were collected.Clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with AS complicated by hyperlipidemia were analyzed.Results Among 232 patients with AS,44.40%patients complicated by peripheral joint lesions,and the prevalence rate of uveitis in extraarticular manifestations was 19.83%.The prevalence rate of comorbidity in all AS patients was 78.88%,and the higher prevalence rates were found in patients with hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia and anemia.Body mass,smoking,hyperuricemia and hypertension were relative risk factors,while the albumin/globulin ratio was the relative protective factor in AS patients complicated by hyperlipidemia(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion The incidence rate of comorbidity in AS patients is high,and the diseases are widely distributed.Body mass,smoking history,hypertension and hyperuricemia are influencing factors of AS patients complicated by hyperlipidemia.It is necessary to guide patients to quit smoking,and control levels of body mass,blood pressure,and uric acid when patients'conditions are controlling in clinic.