基于应急避险行为模拟的城市公园边界空间优化--以济南市泉城公园为例

Optimization of Urban Park Boundary Space Based on Simulation of Emergency Hedging Behavior:A Case Study of Quancheng Park in Jinan

城市公园作为城市防灾系统的重要组成部分,在城市的防灾救灾过程中发挥了突出的应急避险功能。人在避险情境下的路径选择及避险需求成为城市公园规划的重要依据。基于对灾时避险人员的心理、应急避险行为特点及其影响因素的分析研究,在MassMotion平台构建济南泉城公园周边群众疏散模型并进行灾时人员避险行为仿真模拟。提出应急避险公园边界空间的优化策略:增强公园周边主干道的可穿越性,营造渗透式入口空间,强化公园入口到主园路的便捷性。研究结论有利于促进灾时群众有序有效地前往城市公园避险,并为城市公园的规划设计与服务管理提供参考。

Urban parks,a major component of the urban disaster prevention system,have played a prominent role in disaster prevention and avoidance in the process of disaster relief.The choice of paths and the demands of people in the situation of risk aversion have become an important basis of urban park planning.Based on the analysis of psychology,characteristics and influencing factors of emergency hedging behaviors in disasters,this research constructs a mass evacuation model around the Quancheng Park in Jinan on the MassMotion platform,simulates the hedging behaviors of people during disasters,and puts forward the optimization strategy of the boundary space of the parks:enhance the traversability of main roads around the park,create a permeable entrance space,and enhance the convenience from the park entrance to main roads of the park.The conclusion is conducive to promote the orderly and effective actions of people to avoid risks in urban parks during disasters,and provides reference for the planning,design and service management of urban parks.