二级综合医院乳腺癌化疗患者癌因性疲乏现状调查

Cancer-related fatigue in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy in secondary general hospitals

目的 探讨二级综合医院乳腺癌化疗患者癌因性疲乏现状及影响因素。方法 选取2019年1月至2020年12月间上海市嘉定区安亭医院收治的216例乳腺癌化疗患者,采用一般资料问卷调查表及癌症疲乏量表(CFS)对患者的癌因性疲乏现状进行调查,并对其影响因素进行单因素及Logtisic多因素线性分析。结果 216例患者中,轻度癌因性疲乏患者14例(6.5%),中度123例(56.9%),重度79例(36.6%)。结果显示,患者癌因性疲乏总体水平及各维度处于中等水平。患者不同的婚姻状况、职业、付费方式、月收入和主要照顾者均是影响乳腺癌化疗患者癌因性疲乏的单因素,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);患者不同年龄和文化程度对癌因性疲乏无影响,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以患者癌因性疲乏评分为应变量,单因素统计结果为自变量,多因素分析得知,小学及以下学历、未婚、农民、月收入低于3 000元、自费及子女为主要照顾者等因素,是导致患者癌因性疲乏的主要因素,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 乳腺癌化疗患者普遍存在癌因性疲乏,且多处于中等水平,导致因素较多,需及时筛查,结合患者心理状态及性格特征,采取积极的引导方式,帮助患者减轻癌乏症状。

Objective To investigate the current status and factors influencing the occurrence of cancer-related fatigue in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer in a secondary general hospitals. Methods A total of 216 patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer were selected at Anting Hospital, Jiading District, Shanghai from January 2019 to December 2020. The general information questionnaire and cancer fatigue scale(CFS) were used to investigate the current status of cancer-related fatigue in these patients. Univariate analysis and multivariate logtisic analysis were conducted to analyze factors influencing the occurrence of cancer-related fatigue in this population. Results Among the 216 patients, 14(6.5%) patients had mild cancer-related fatigue, 123(56.9%) patients had moderate cancer-related fatigue, and 79(36.6%) patients had severe cancer-related fatigue. Generally, the overall level of cancer-related fatigue was moderate. Factors including marital status, occupation, payment methods, monthly income and main caregiver had an effect on the incidence of cancer-related fatigue in this population(all P<0.05). However, age and culture were not associated with cancer-related fatigue(P>0.05). According to the results of multivariate analysis, elementary education and below, inmarriage, farmer, monthly income less than 3000 CNY, to pay at his own expense, and children mainly taking on the role of caregivers were the primary factors leading to cancer-related fatigue(all P<0.05). Conclusion Cancer-related fatigue is common in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer, and most of them are at a moderate level. There are many factors that cause cancer-related fatigue in this population, which prompts nursing staff to strengthen timely screening, and adopt an active guidance based on patients’ mental state and personality characteristics to help them relieve cancer symptoms.