甘蔗物料与餐厨垃圾协同厌氧发酵及工程参数分析

The Analysis of Co-fermentation of Sugarcane Materials and Food Waste and Its Engineering Parameters

以单一甘蔗物料、餐厨垃圾和两者混合物料开展厌氧发酵试验,验证混合原料协同厌氧发酵生产生物沼气的良好性能,并对混合物料的工程运行参数进行分析。结果表明,餐厨垃圾与甘蔗物料的协同作用,提升了甘蔗物料的日产气量,减缓了餐厨垃圾单一物料日产气量的波动。混合物料的产气峰值较餐厨垃圾提前4 d,物料产气率和TS产气率分别为140.34 mL·g^(-1)和774.52 mL·g^(-1) TS,较甘蔗物料分别提高55.63%和103.34%。餐厨垃圾的添加可明显提升甘蔗物料的甲烷含量和甲烷产率,将餐厨垃圾与甘蔗物料进行混合发酵,不仅能有效处理餐厨垃圾,还能有效促进甘蔗物料的产气效率,提高厌氧发酵装置产气效率。基于日处理甘蔗废弃物100 t,餐厨废弃物10 t的沼气工程,混合物料产气率整体在100~150 m^(3)·t^(-1)。CSTR全混式厌氧反应器可使物料保持流动的全混状态,混合物料pH值维持在7.9左右。混合物料厌氧发酵系统CH 4含量均值在59.63%±3.35%,呈现较高的甲烷含量。可依据工程规模和利用途径,用来发电并网、热电联产或提纯天然气等。

Anaerobic fermentation experiments were carried out with single sugarcane material,single food waste and the mixture of sugarcane and food waste to verify the performance of co-fermentation of mixed materials to produce biogas.The process parameters of engineering operation of mixed materials were analyzed.The results showed that the synergistic effect of food waste and sugarcane materials could increase the daily biogas production of sugarcane materials and slow down the fluctuation of daily biogas production of food waste.The peak biogas production of mixed materials was 4 days earlier than that of food waste.The biogas production rate of mixed materials and TS were 140.34 mL·g^(-1) and 774.52 mL·g^(-1) TS,respectively,which were 55.63%and 103.34%higher than those of sugarcane materials.The addition of food waste can obviously increase the methane content and the methane yield of sugarcane materials.The mixed fermentation of food waste and sugarcane materials could not only effectively treat food waste,but also effectively promoted the biogas production efficiency of sugarcane materials and improved the biogas production of anaerobic fermentation device.Based on the biogas project with treatment of 100 t·d^(-1) sugarcane waste and 10 t·d^(-1) food waste,the biogas production rate of mixed materials was 100~150 m^(3)·t^(-1),which was consistent with the biogas production rate of mixed materials above.The CSTR fully mixed anaerobic reactor could keep the material flowing in a completely mixed state,and the pH value of the mixed material was maintained at about 7.9.The CH 4 content in the mixed material anaerobic fermentation system was 59.63%±3.35%,showing a high methane content.According to the project scale and utilization way,biogas could be used for power generation,cogeneration or purification.