复杂海域高精度海底地形测量关键问题研究

Research on Key Problems of High-precision Seabed Topographic Survey in Complex Sea Area

为实现复杂海域高精度海底地形测量,本文研究了软质海底无依托验潮站的布设、远距离GNSS PPK测量,GNSS同步法确定验潮站深度基准面大地高和区域无缝垂直基准的构建等关键问题。以苏北浅滩海域为例,通过一系列关键技术的应用,解决了远距离大范围潮汐复杂海域的高精度海底地形测量问题,实际应用结果表明:基线距离在92 km时,GNSS PPK大地高的解算精度优于10 cm;与GNSS同步法计算出的深度基准面大地高进行对比分析,距离在100 km内,结果互差小于5 cm,两者精度具有一致性;区域无缝垂直基准模型的精度优于5 cm,综合精度优于10 cm。本文提出的方法可以满足远距离复杂海域的高精度海底地形测量的需要。

In order to realize high-precision seabed topographic survey in the complex sea area,the key problems such as the layout of soft seabed unsupported tide gauge,long-distance GNSS PPK survey,he determination of Depth Datum Geodetic Height of tide gauge by GNSS synchronous method and the construction of regional seamless vertical datum are studied.Taking the northern Jiangsu shoal as an example,through the application of a series of key technologies,the problem of high-precision seabed topographic survey in long-distance and largescale tidal complex sea areas is solved.The practical application results show that when the baseline distance is 92 km,the solution accuracy of GNSS PPK geodetic height is better than 10 cm;the geodetic height of depth datum calculated by GNSS synchronous method is compared and analyzed.Within 100 km,the difference between the results is less than 5 cm,and the accuracy of the two is consistent;the accuracy of regional seamless vertical datum model is better than 5cm and the comprehensive accuracy is better than 10cm.The method proposed in this paper can meet the needs of high-precision seabed topographic survey in long-distance complex sea areas.