基于主成分分析的铁山港水质时空变化及驱动因素

Spatio-temporal Variation Characteristics and Driving Factors of Water Quality in Tieshangang Bay Based on Principal Component Analysis

为探究近年来铁山港的水质变化状况,本文基于2016—2018年夏季铁山港海域3个航次的海水水质调查数据,运用主成分分析法研究铁山港湾的水质状况,并探讨影响铁山港湾水质的主要驱动因子。研究结果表明:17项监测指标转化为5种主成分,可以解释原始数据75.74%的信息;铁山港湾水质污染程度空间上由湾内向湾外递减,且夏季的水质逐年变好;相关性分析表明,影响铁山港湾水质的主要驱动因子为盐度、铅、悬浮物、水温和砷。此研究较好地描述了铁山港海域的水质时空变化,可为该海域海洋环境综合治理及海洋资源合理利用提供一定参考。

In order to explore the recent water quality variation of Tieshangang Bay,three surveys were investigated in Tieshangang sea waters in the summer from 2016 to 2018.Principal component analysis(PCA) was applied to analyze the water quality of Tieshangang Bay,and the potential driving variables influencing the water quality were evaluated.The results showed that five principal components were extracted from the 17 environmental variables,which could explain 75.74% of the total variance in the original data set.The pollution status was more serious in the inner bay than that in the outer bay in space,and ameliorated yearly in summer.The correction analysis suggested that salinity,lead,suspended solid,temperature and arsenic were the main factors influencing the water quality.This study commendably evaluates the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of water quality in Tieshangang Bay,which provides some reference for the compre-hensive treatment of marine environment and rational utilization of marine resources.