氨茶碱及枸橼酸咖啡因对原发性呼吸暂停早产儿血氧指标的影响

Effects of Aminophylline and Caffeine Citrate on Blood Oxygen Index in Premature Infants with Primary Apnea

目的:探讨早产儿原发性呼吸暂停应用氨茶碱及枸橼酸咖啡因治疗对其血氧指标的影响。方法:选取2019年8月至2021年8月漯河医学高等专科学校第二附属医院收治的原发性呼吸暂停早产儿84例,按随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组42例,对照组予以氨茶碱治疗,观察组予以枸橼酸咖啡因治疗,比较两组早产儿的临床药效、治疗前后的血氧指标、血清β–内啡肽(β–EP)水平以及用药安全性。结果:观察组早产儿治疗总有效率为95.24 %,高于对照组的78.57 %,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组早产儿治疗前的血氧指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组早产儿动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数(OI)高于对照组,动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组早产儿血清β–EP水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组血清早产儿β–EP水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组早产儿出现心动过速、喂养不耐受及电解质紊乱等不良反应的总发生率为7.14 %,低于对照组的23.81 %,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:枸橼酸咖啡因用于原发性呼吸暂停早产儿的治疗效果显著,安全性较高,且在改善血氧指标、下调血清β–EP水平等方面的效果也优于氨茶碱。

Objective To investigate the effect of aminophylline and caffeine citrate on blood oxygen index in premature infants with primary apnea.Methods 84 premature infants with primary apnea admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College from August 2019 to August 2021 were randomly divided into a control group and an observation group by random number table method.The control group was treated with aminophylline and the observation group was treated with caffeine citrate.The clinical efficacy,blood oxygen index,serum β-endorphin (β-EP) level and medication safety of preterm infants were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate in the observation group was 95.24%,higher than 78.57% in the control group,the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in blood oxygen index between the two groups before treatment (P > 0.05).After treatment,the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO_(2)) and oxygenation index (OI) in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO_(2)) was lower than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in serum β-EP level between the two groups (P > 0.05).After treatment,the serumβ-EP level in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions such as tachycardia,feeding intolerance and electrolyte disorder in the observation group was 7.14%,lower than 23.81% in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).Conclusion Caffeine citrate has significant therapeutic effect and high safety in the treatment of premature infants with primary apnea,and its effect on improving blood oxygen index and reducing serum β-EP level is better than that of aminophylline.