清末官绅对日本农业的考察与思考——以“东游日记”为中心

Investigation and Reflection on Japanese Agriculture by Officials and Gentry in the Late Qing Dynasty:Based on Dongyou Riji

甲午战后,为着解决中国民众的温饱问题,为着实现中华民族的富强,部分清末官绅远赴日本考察农业。生机勃勃与成绩斐然是清末赴日考察官绅对日本农业的认识。在清末赴日考察官绅看来,日本农业之所以取得如此大的成就,日本政府对农业的重视,建立大量农业学校与加强农业研究是其主要原因。基于此,清末赴日考察官绅认为,改变中国农业落后的面貌,各级政府必须重视农业改良,采取有力措施扶植农业发展,特别是建立农校与农事试验场,培养专业人才,让具有专业知识的读书人积极参与农业改良。

After the Sino Japanese War,in order to solve the problem of food and realize the prosperity and strength of the Chinese nation,One group officials and gentry in the late Qing Dynasty went to Japan to investigate agriculture.Vitality and remarkable achievements were the understanding of Japanese agriculture by the officials and gentry in the late Qing Dynasty.In the view of the officials and gentry in the late Qing Dynasty,the Japanese government attached importance to agriculture,established a large number of agricultural schools and strengthened agricultural research are the main reasons.Based on this,Officials and gentry observing in Japan believed that to change the backward face of China’s agriculture,governments at all levels must pay attention to agricultural improvement and take effective measures to support agricultural development,especially the establishment of agricultural schools and agricultural experimental farms,the training of professionals,and the active participation of scholars with professional knowledge in agricultural improvement.