未来食品:热点领域分析与展望

Prospective Analysis of Hot Topics in Future Foods

未来食品内涵深远、外延广阔,不但涵盖食物的生产、收获、贮藏、加工、包装、分销、消费等各个环节的理论与技术,而且与农业系统、生态资源、地球环境、动物福利、人类精神文明等密不可分。梳理了人类面临的食物供给不足、食物损失浪费严重、营养健康需求迫切等问题。分析和展望了未来食品热点研究领域和发展趋势:以无土栽培、单细胞培养、生物催化等为基础的植物工厂、细胞工厂、化学合成等新型食物生产方式成为传统食物生产系统的有力补充,加之对食物新资源的挖掘和利用,实现可持续的食物供给;通过完善食物收储运和数字化供应链体系,建立基于原料和产品的合理加工方式,开发食品新型绿色加工与智能包装技术,最大限度地减少食物损失;采用挤压剪切、3D打印、纳米组装等工程化食品加工技术和智慧型工业化餐饮模式,融合大数据和感知交互的个性化设计,制造满足消费者精准需求的未来食品。总结了未来食品的新理念、新资源、新技术,以期为未来食品产业的健康和可持续发展提供一些科学的参考。

The concept of‘future foods’has a far-reaching connotation and broad extension.It covers all aspects of the theories and technologies involved in food production,harvesting,storage,processing,packaging,distribution and consumption.At the same time,‘future foods’is inseparable with agriculture system,ecological resources,earth environment,animal welfare,and human spiritual civilization.This study summarized the currently challenges facing humanity needed to be continuously dealing with in the future,including inadequate food supply,serious food loss and waste,and nutrition and health crisis.A prospective analysis was carried out on the hot research areas in future foods.Novel food production systems including plant factory,cell factory,chemical synthesis based on soilless cultivation,single cell culture,biochemical catalysis will be powerful complements to traditional food production systems.Accompanied with the mining and utilization of new food resources,a sustainable food supply will be achieved.Minimization of food loss will be accomplished by perfecting the food logistics and supply chain systems,establishing the rational processing of targeted raw materials,developing the green food processing technology and intelligent packaging.Engineering technologies including extrusion-shearing,3D printing and nano-assembling,and intelligent catering technologies,combined with big data and perception interacting personalized design,will enable future foods to meet the consumer precise demand.Through the introduction of new theories,new resources,and new technologies,this study hopes to provide some fundamental scientific references for the healthy and sustainable development of the future food industry.