《写山楼描法·画人物十八描法则》释义的字词证

Textual Evidence of the Interpretation of “The Description of Mountain Buildings·18 Painting Rules of Portraiture”

“描法古今一十八等”即“十八描”最早见于明代邹德中编次《绘事指蒙》,载18种描名、15种释义,未有描法谱例传世。“十八描”类画谱经中日长崎海上贸易流播日本后,日人参照中国传入典籍撰写大量描法类画谱,尤以[日]谷文晁笔《写山楼描法》为著。由于此种画谱刊本极少,加之国内研究者对日本见藏“十八描”类画谱的研究涉猎不精。故此,文章依1919年日本风俗绘卷图画刊行会辑本,按校雠学、训诂学对描法释义关键字和词进行义证。

18 Painting Rules was first seen in the Painting Mentoring compiled by Zou Dezhong in the Ming Dynasty.It contains 18 description names and 15 interpretations,but there was no memo handed down.After the “18 painting methods” were introduced into Japan through Nagasaki sea trade,Japanese people wrote a large number of descriptive art books with reference to the classics introduced from China,especially the painting method of depicting mountain buildings written by the literati painter Gu Wenchao in the Edo period.Because there are few published copies of such paintings,and domestic researchers are not proficient in the research of “18 painting methods” collected in Japan.Therefore,the article is based on the 1919 Japanese custom painting volume picture(Publishing Association edition),and makes a semantic proof of descriptive interpretation keywords and words according to collation and exegesis.