大豆-玉米间作种植模式效应分析

Effect Analysis of Soybean-maize Intercropping Patterns

对大豆-玉米间作种植模式进行分析,结合前人试验研究结果,表明大豆-玉米间作种植具有地上空间结构互补优势,增加群体受光面积,提高光合效率,大豆根瘤菌根圈定殖固氮为玉米提供氮素,地下根系互作丰富土壤生物多样性,促进土壤中难溶性磷溶解及利用,增强作物的逆境适应性等良好的间作效应。因此,在合理的带行配比下,大豆-玉米间作种植,可以提高单位面积作物产量,改善作物籽粒品质,阻断或抑制病虫草害的发生及传播,提高植株抗逆性及保持较好的生态环境。

Based on the analysis of soybean-maize intercropping patterns, combined with previous researches, the results showed that soybean-maize intercropping had the complementary advantages in above-ground spatial structure, which could increase the light area of the groups and improve the photosynthetic efficiency.Colonization and nitrogen fixation provided the nitrogen to maize by rhizosphere reproduction of soybean rhizobium,the interaction of underground root system enriched the biodiversity of soil, which promoted the solubilization and utilization of insoluble phosphorus in soil, and enhanced the adaptability of crops to adversity. Therefore, intercropping of maize and soybean can increase the yield per unit area, improve the gain quality, block or restrain the occurrence and spread of diseases, pests and weeds, and improve the stress resistance of the plant and maintain a good ecological environment.