论“双碳”目标下中国电力产业的竞争规制

Research on Competition Regulation in China′s Electricity Industry Under the"Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality"Goals

在“双碳”目标的政策情景下,电力产业的低碳转型以及电力市场的竞争性转型成为中国电力行业发展转型的理性选择,电力规制体系应同步纳入多元化电力竞争性市场制度体系在产业秩序建构、竞争秩序维护方面的法律规制内涵。电力产业竞争性规制的价值定位应以区分相关产业环节是否具有市场竞争性为起点,在此基础上明确可竞争环节的市场秩序价值以及自然垄断环节的产业秩序价值,实现针对自然垄断所导致的市场势力与行政垄断这两个负外部性的有效规制。以此为制度理性,从监管法律、监管机构、价格监管3个方面对电力产业在竞争性转型背景下的规制体制实现协调完善。

Under the policy scenario of"carbon peaking and carbon neutrality"goals,the low carbon transformation of electric power industry and the competitive transformation of electric power market have become the rational choice for the development and transformation of Chinese electric power industry,and the electric power regulation system should simultaneously incorporate the legal regulation connotation of diversified electric power competitive market system in the construction of industrial order and maintenance of competitive order.The value propositioning of competitive regulation in the electric power industry should start from distinguishing whether the relevant industrial sectors are competitive in the market or not,and,on this premise,clarify the value of the market order of the competitive sectors and the value of the industrial order of the natural monopoly sectors,so as to realize the effective regulation of the two negative externalities caused by natural monopoly,namely,market power and administrative monopoly.With this as the institutional rationale,the regulatory system of the electric power industry in the context of competitive transformation is coordinated and improved from three aspects:regulatory laws,regulatory agencies,and price regulation.