塔里木盆地沙漠区深层地震剖面拼接和深层成像技术

Splice Processing of Large and Deep Seismic Sections Recorded in the Desert Area of Tarim Basin

塔里木盆地深层油气资源丰富,由于缺乏支撑深层油气勘探的盆地级二维地震剖面,塔里木盆地深层油气勘探始终无法取得大规模突破。针对塔里木盆地沙漠区深层地震资料接收能量弱、信噪比低、各种干扰发育、二维格架测线资料品质差异大等诸多问题。本文采用微测井约束拟三维层析静校正、一致性处理、叠前“六分法”综合去噪等技术手段来解决静校正、一致性、信噪比等问题。在此基础上,进一步通过高精度拉东变换、聚束滤波结合近道内切除,消除多次波的影响,达到去伪存真的效果。最后通过共反射面元叠加成像、τ-p信号增强、低频拓展等深层信号增强技术改善深层成像。通过以上多种配套技术的综合应用,提高了塔里木盆地深层大剖面地震资料的成像效果,证明了这些技术在塔里木盆地沙漠区深层成像的可行性和实用性。

Deep oil and gas resource in Tarim Basin is considered as one of the most abundant area.However,due to the lack of basin-level 2D seismic profiles to support exploration,the deep oil and gas exploration in Tarim Basin has always been unable to make a large-scale breakthrough.In this paper,aiming at many problems such as weak receiving energy,low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),various interference development and large difference in the quality of 2D grid survey line data and so on,the problems of static correction,consistency and signal-to-noise ratio are solved by means of micro logging constrained quasi 3D tomography static correction,consistency processing and pre stack “six division” comprehensive denoising.On this basis,high-precision Radon transform,beam filtering and near-trace muting are further used to eliminate the influence of multiples and achieve the geological effect of removing the false and preserving the real signals.And finally,deep signal enhancement technologies such as common reflection surface stack imaging,τ-p signal enhancement and low-frequency expansion are used to improve deep imaging.Through the comprehensive application of the above supporting technologies,the imaging effect of deep large section seismic data in Tarim Basin is improved,and the feasibility and practicability of these technologies for deep imaging in desert area of Tarim Basin are proved.