CRISPR技术应用于山羊和绵羊育种的研究进展

Research Progress on Application of CRISPR in Goat and Sheep Breeding

规律成簇间隔短回文重复序列(Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeat,CRISPR)及其相关蛋白(Cas)系统是一种新型的基因编辑技术,具有操作简单,编辑高效率等优点,在基因治疗、制作抗体药物、构建模式动物等领域广泛应用。山羊和绵羊作为重要的家畜类型,CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术出现后,在山羊、绵羊的遗传修饰中得到迅速应用。本文概述了CRISPR/Cas系统的发展历程、组成及分类、作用方式和原理,总结了CRISPR/Cas系统近年来在提升山羊和绵羊生产性能方面的应用,并对该技术的发展前景作简要阐述,以期为解决畜禽种业的瓶颈问题以及我国畜禽种业的快速、健康和持续发展提供参考。

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR) and its associated proteins(Cas) system is a novel gene editing technology with simple operation and high editing efficiency. It has been widely used in gene therapy,antibody drug production, model animal construction and other fields. Goats and sheep are important livestock types. After the emergence of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology, the application of CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology in goat and sheep genetic modification has increased rapidly. This article summarized the development history, composition, classification,mode of action and principle of the CRISPR/Cas system, reviewd the application of CRISPR/Cas system in improving the production performance of goats and sheep in recent years, and the developmental prospect of CRISPR/Cas technology was briefly described, which would provide reference for solving the bottleneck problem of livestock and poultry breeding industry and its rapid, healthy and sustainable development in China.