精河县绿洲土地利用及其空间冲突研究

Study on the Spatial Conflict of Land Use in Jinghe County Oasis

土地利用冲突是指在土地开发利用过程中,不同开发活动在利用土地资源时产生的矛盾与对立,并对社会经济和生态环境造成一定危害。以精河县为靶区,基于1990、2000和2018年3期土地利用数据,构建土地利用冲突识别模型,划分5种土地利用冲突类型,分析土地利用冲突综合指数的时空变化规律。结果表明:(1)1990-2018年,受到人类生产活动的影响,研究区土地利用变化显著,建设用地、耕地、水域和草地面积增加,林地、未利用地面积减少;(2)整体分析1990-2018年研究区土地利用冲突综合指数分布情况,50%以上为轻度冲突和稳定可控区域,说明在加强生态保护的政策支持下,土地利用冲突得到缓解;(3)分析不同时期土地利用冲突综合指数变化,1999年重度冲突处于首位,2000年轻度冲突处于首位,2018年稳定可控处于首位;(4)土地利用冲突空间自相关分析结果表明,1990、2000和2018年Moran′s I指数分别为0.809、0.554和0.507,呈下降趋势,1990-2018年研究区冷点区(冲突低发区)呈斑块状增加,热点区(冲突高发区)逐渐减少。

Land use conflict is the contradiction and opposition among different development activities for land resources during the process of land development and utilization.It results in adverse effects on the social economy and ecological environment.Taking Jinghe County as the target area,a land use conflict recognition model was established,five types of land use conflicts were classified,and the spatio-temporal variation of land use conflict index was analyzed based on the land use data in 1990,2000 and 2018.Results show that:(1)From 1990 to 2018,land use in the study area changed significantly under human activities,and the total areas of construction land,arable land,water body and grassland were increased,whereas the total areas of forest land and unused land were decreased;(2)The overall analysis on the distribution of the comprehensive index of land use conflict within the period from 1990 to 2018 indicates that more than 50%conflicts fall into mild conflict or stable and controllable areas,indicating that the land use conflict had been alleviated with the policy support of ecological protection in the study area;(3)The Changes of the comprehensive index of land use conflicts for different periods indicate that the severe conflict was the major spatial conflict in 1999,whereas the mild conflict was the major spatial conflict in 2000,and the stable and controllable conflict was the major spatial conflict in 2018;(4)Results of spatial autocorrelation analysis of land use show that the Moran′s I index for 1990,2000 and 2018 were 0.809,0.554 and 0.507,respectively,with a downward trend.From 1990 to 2018,the cold spot areas(low conflict areas)were increased,whereas the hot spot areas(high conflict areas)were gradually decreased.