成都市餐饮源大气污染物排放清单研究

Study on emission inventory of air pollutants from catering sources in Chengdu

为全面、准确地获得成都市餐饮源大气污染物排放清单,针对成都市社会餐饮、家庭餐饮和食堂餐饮分别选择监测对象进行细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))、非甲烷总烃(NMHCs)、油烟、氮氧化物(NO_(x))、SO_(2)和CO 6种大气污染物排放浓度监测。分别按照用油量、就餐人次和灶头风量3种核算依据计算了6种大气污染物的排放因子,并计算成都市餐饮源大气污染物排放量,分析排放清单的不确定性。结果表明,成都市餐饮源PM_(2.5)的排放量为364~951 t,NMHCs为1960~5843 t,油烟为282~892 t,NO_(x)为887~2651 t,SO_(2)为541~1478 t,CO为5892~15167 t。家庭餐饮已成为餐饮源大气污染物的重要组成部分,不容忽视。在95%置信区间内,3种核算方法的不确定性中依据用油量计算的排放清单不确定性最小,建议优先使用。

In order to obtain a comprehensive and accurate emission inventory of air pollutants from catering sources in Chengdu,monitoring objects were selected for commercial cooking,family cooking and canteen cooking to monitor emission concentrations of PM_(2.5),non-methane hydrocarbon(NMHCs),cooking fume,NO_(x),SO_(2) and CO.The pollutants’emission factors were calculated according to 3 accounting judgencent based on oil amount,number of customers and air output of stoves.The air pollutants emission from catering sources in Chengdu and the uncertainty of emission inventory were analyzed.Results showed that the emission of PM_(2.5) from catering sources in Chengdu was 364-951 t.The emission of NMHCs was 1960-5843 t.The emission of cooking fume was 282-892 t.The emission of NO_(x) was 887-2651 t.The emission of SO_(2) was 541-1478 t.The emission of CO was 5892-15167 t.Family cooking had been one of the important component cartering sources,which should no longer be ignored.In 95%confidence,the uncertainty based on oil amount was the lowest among the 3 accounting methods.Therefore,it was suggested that the accounting method based on oil amount should be used preferentially.