安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及其影响因素

Current status and influencing factors of nursing ethical sensitivity among nurses at palliative care unit

目的了解安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及其影响因素。方法采用一般资料问卷、护士职业状态认知问卷、护理伦理敏感性问卷调查184名安宁疗护病房护士一般情况、职业状态认知情况和护理伦理敏感性,分析安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性现状及其影响因素。结果184名安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性得分为(37.21±5.51)分,处于中等水平。多元线性回归分析结果显示,女性、高学历、单位类型为三级医院(以医养结合机构为参照)、打算长期从事安宁疗护工作、不满意当前存在的护理伦理问题及认为安宁疗护工作充满意义感和价值感是安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性的保护因素,其护理伦理敏感性更高(均P<0.05)。结论安宁疗护病房护士的护理伦理敏感性处于中等水平,其护理伦理敏感性受性别、学历、单位类型、长期从事安宁疗护工作意愿、对当前存在的护理伦理问题的满意情况及对安宁疗护工作的意义感和价值感的影响。安宁疗护机构的管理者应积极引导安宁疗护病房护士提升安宁疗护的职业认同,加强对安宁疗护专业及伦理知识的学习,以提升伦理敏感性。

Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of nursing ethical sensitivity among nurses at palliative care unit.Methods Using a general data questionnaire,the nurse′s awareness of vocational status questionnaire and the nursing ethical sensitivity questionnaire,a survey was conducted among 184 nurses at palliative care unit on their general data,awareness of vocational status,and nursing ethical sensitivity.The current status and influencing factors of nursing ethical sensitivity of nurses at palliative care unit were analyzed.Results Among the 184 nurses at palliative care unit,the nursing ethical sensitivity yielded a score of 37.21±5.51,which was at a moderate level.The results of multivariate linear regression analysis showed that female,high educational level,working in tertiary hospital(referring to the institution integrating medical and elderly care),having a plan to engage in palliative care for a long time,dissatisfaction with existing nursing ethical issues to date,and feeling palliative care work as meaningful and valuable were protective factors for nursing ethical sensitivity in nurses at palliative care unit,and they had a higher nursing ethical sensitivity(all P<0.05).Conclusion Nurses at palliative care unit have a moderate-level nursing ethical sensitivity,and their nursing ethical sensitivity is affected by gender,educational level,working place′s type,the desire to engage in palliative care for a long time,the satisfaction degree of existing nursing ethical issues to date,and feeling palliative care work as meaningful and valuable.The managers of palliative care institutions should actively lead the nurses at palliative care unit to improve their career identity of palliative care and to strengthen their study of professional and ethical knowledge about palliative care,thereby promoting their ethical sensitivity.