海况识别下的船舶航速动态优化方法

Dynamic optimization method of ship speed based on sea condition recognition

为实现在海况信息、航线信息已知的前提下,船舶能够根据不同的海况调整航速,达到降低整个航次船舶主机油耗的目的,本文以定航线船舶为对象,研究船舶航速动态优化方法。基于聚类和分类算法的海况识别方法建立航线分段模型,将航线分成航向单一、海况类似的航段。以总航程、航行时间、主机转速作为约束条件,基于遗传算法求解航速动态优化问题。结果表明:与优化前主机油耗相比较,从巴西圣路易斯到非洲好望角定航线的30万吨级散货船可减少消耗3.38%的燃油。本方法能够提高营运船舶的能效水平,为船舶航行航速的决策提供参考。

The goal of this work is to ensure that a ship can adjust its speed according to different sea conditions to reduce the fuel consumption of its main engine during the entire voyage under the premise that the sea condition information and route information are known.Thus,the dynamic optimization method of ship speed is studied based on the fixed route ship.First,a route segmentation model was established based on the sea condition recognition method using clustering and classification algorithms.It divided the route into segments with a single heading and similar sea conditions.Then,the total voyage,sailing time,and main engine speed were used as constraints to solve the dynamic speed optimization problem based on a genetic algorithm.Results show that,compared with the main engine fuel consumption before optimization,a 300000 t bulk carrier on a scheduled route can reduce its fuel consumption by 3.38%from St.Louis,Brazil,to the Cape of Good Hope in Africa.This method can improve the energy efficiency of operating ships and provide a reference for the decision-making of ship navigation speed.