明末清初徽州心学的衰落

On the Decline of Huizhou Psychology in the Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

明中晚期王阳明高徒以讲会的形式向徽州传播心学,使得心学在徽州地区盛极一时,但是阳明心学试图占领具有深厚理学背景的徽州地区并非易事。万历中期,阳明心学开始走向衰落。而其衰落的原因主要在于,张居正的打压和王学末流的冲击,东林学派的兴起对徽州产生重要影响,以及明朝后期徽州讲会活动扭转了学术走向。即使明末时期徽州地区还存在一些王学末流的余音,但那也难挡朱子学重回光明、日渐兴盛的历史趋势,阳明心学没能守住徽州这块阵地,其衰落是大势所趋。

In the middle and late Ming Dynasty,Yangming’s elite disciples spread the theory of mind to Huizhou in the form of lectures,which made the theory of mind flourish in Huizhou.However,it is not easy for Yangming’s theory of mind to try to occupy Huizhou with a deep background of Neo Confucianism.In the middle of Wanli period,Yangming’s psychology began to decline.The main reasons for its decline are the suppression of Zhang Juzheng and the impact of the end of Wang school,the rise of Donglin school had an important impact on Huizhou,and Huizhou lecture activities reversed the academic trend in the late Ming Dynasty.Even in the late Ming Dynasty,there were still some aftersounds of the end of Wang school in Huizhou,but it was difficult to stop the historical trend of Zhuzi school returning to the bright and booming day by day.Yangming school of mind failed to hold the position of Huizhou,and its decline was the general trend.