建筑物应急疏散标识在干扰情境中的大学生视觉行为研究

Research on visual behavior of college students on building emergency evacuation signs in interference situation

为降低高校建筑物应急疏散标识周边干扰物对标识识别有效性的影响,找出干扰性最低的组合设计,通过引入尺寸、颜色、形状、位置4个参数,设计18种干扰情境,基于眼动技术,通过试验研究大学生在不同干扰情境下搜寻应急疏散标识的视觉行为。利用方差分析和F-聚类分析,对反应时间、首次进入兴趣区前用时、兴趣区首个注视点持续时间、扫视时间4个眼动指标进行量化研究。结果表明:当仅考虑1个因素时,绿色、圆形、较大这3种类型的干扰物对应急疏散标识的干扰性最低;同时考虑颜色、形状、尺寸3个因素时,18种干扰情境聚为4类,绿色矩形较大、绿色三角形较大、绿色圆形相等、绿色圆形较大、红色矩形较大、红色三角形较大、红色圆形较大的干扰物为干扰性最低的设计,并对中南大学某场所2处情境中的干扰物进行设计示例。

In order to reduce the influence of interference objects around the emergency evacuation signs in university buildings on the effectiveness of sign identification,and find out the combination design with the lowest interference,four parameters of size,color,shape and position were introduced to design and form 18 interference situation.The eye movement technology was used to study the visual behavior of college students searching for emergency evacuation signs in different interference situation through the experiments.Four eye movement indexes,including Duration of Interval,Time to First Fixation-AOI,Duration of First Fixation-AOI and Total Duration of Glances were quantitatively studied by variance analysis and F-cluster analysis.The results showed that when only one factor was considered,the interference objects with three types of green,circle and larger had the lowest interference on emergency evacuation signs.Considering the three factors of color,shape and size at the same time,18 kinds of interference situation was clustered into four categories,and the interference objects with larger green rectangle,larger green triangle,identical green circle,larger green circle,larger red rectangle,larger red triangle and larger red circle were the design with the lowest interference.In addition,the design example of the interference objects in two situation at a place of Central South University was given.