情景-应对模式下考虑软时间窗的高铁应急资源调度优化

Optimization of high-speed rail emergency resource dispatching considering soft time window in scenario-response mode

为提升高速铁路应急处置水平,考虑突发事件发生后应急资源需求的不确定性,通过对事故情景集的分析和计算,采用“情景-应对”模式,获取事故点的资源需求量;通过引入“软时间窗”概念,建立以超时惩罚成本、资源运输成本和救援点固定出动成本3者之和最小化为优化目标的应急资源调度模型,利用遗传算法进行求解,并基于实际事故案例验证方法和模型的科学性和有效性。研究结果表明:应急资源调度模型在满足应急需求下,可有效降低应急资源调度成本,研究结果可为高铁突发事件应急资源的调度决策提供理论依据。

In order to improve the emergency response level of high-speed railways and consider the uncertainty of emergency resource demands after emergencies,the resource requirements of accident points can be obtained by analyzing and calculating the accident scenario set and adopting the“scenario-response”model.Introduced the concept of“soft time window”,and established an emergency resource scheduling model which took the minimization of the sum of the overtime penalty cost,the resource transportation cost and the fixed dispatch cost of the rescue point as the optimization goal,then used genetic algorithm to solve it.Finally,verified the scientificity and rationality of methods and models by actual accidents.The results showed that the emergency resource scheduling model can effectively reduce the cost of emergency resource scheduling under the premise of satisfied the emergency demands,and the research results can provide a theoretical basis for the scheduling decision of emergency resources for high-speed railway emergencies.