颞下颌关节多模态图像配准及三维重建的研究进展

Research progress of multi-modal image registration and 3D reconstruction of temporomandibular joint

颞下颌关节结构和功能复杂,多种影像学检查可用于获取颞下颌关节的可视化影像,在颞下颌关节紊乱综合征(TMD)的诊断中发挥重要作用。CBCT因其在骨质结构成像上的优势常用于TMJ的硬组织评估,其技术的发展提供了更高的成像精确度,但缺乏对软组织的成像。MRI是评估关节盘移位等软组织异常的金标准,在骨组织成像方面存在不足。因此,临床上常分别使用MRI和CBCT对颞下颌关节的不同部位的特征进行评价,难以形成整体性的分析。CBCT-MRI图像配准和融合技术地出现,可以在同一图像中同时展示颞下颌关节的完整组织结构。另外,3D重建模型技术有助于更好的定量评估TMJ各结构之间空间位置关系,为TMD的临床诊断提供新的影像学途径。本文回顾现有关于颞下颌关节CBCT、MRI图像配准的文献,从不同图像配准技术、图像处理结果等方面进行综述。

Imaging examination is essential to the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders to detect the complex structure and function of temporomandibular joints.There are several forms of imaging examinations to deliver the visible images of temporomandibular joints(TMJ).Cone beam computed tomography(CBCT)is commonly used to evaluate the hard tissue of TMJ due to its advantages in bone structure imaging.Its development provides higher accuracy,but it still lacks soft tissue imaging.Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)is considered the"gold standard technique"for the evaluation of soft-tissue abnormalities such as disc displacement,but is unsufficient in presenting adequate images of hard tissues.Therefore,oral surgeons often use MRI and CBCT separately to evaluate the characteristics of different parts of TMJ,and can hardly form a holistic analysis.The appearance of CBCT-MRI image registration and fusion can show the whole structure of temporomandibular joint in the same image.In addition,the 3D reconstruction model technique is helpful to quantitatively evaluate the spatial position relationship of TMJ structures and provides a new imaging approach for the clinical diagnosis.This article reviews the recent literatures concerning the imaging registration of CBCT and MRI of TMJ,and briefly summarizes their application scope,different image registration techniques and image processing results.