高速公路服务区加速车道长度对驾驶舒适性的影响

Influence of acceleration lane length in expressway service area on driving comfort

为明确不同长度加速车道对驾驶员舒适性的影响,从驾驶员角度设计实车实验,通过眼动仪采集不同长度高速公路服务区加速车道下的注视时间百分比、平均注视时间、扫视幅度、眨眼率、瞳孔尺寸和心率增长率等生理指标,使用多元线性回归方程对数据进行分析与建模,描述不同长度高速公路服务区加速车道下眼动指标与心率增长率的关系,以紧张度为中间量对驾驶舒适性进行分析。结果表明:在不同长度高速公路服务区加速车道下,平均注视时间、扫视幅度、瞳孔尺寸与心率增长率存在显著相关性,而注视时间百分比、眨眼率与心率增长率显著性不足;基于心率增长率将驾驶舒适性划分为3个等级,阈值为32.120和37.900;加速车道长度对驾驶舒适性有负向影响,在长度较短的加速车道上行驶时,驾驶员表现为紧张甚至恐惧,易发生误操作,安全性较差。

In order to clarify the impact of different lengths of acceleration lanes on driver’s comfort,a real-car experiment was designed from the driver’s perspective,and physiological indicators such as the percentage of gaze time,average gaze time,saccade range,blink rate,pupil size,and heart rate growth rate of the acceleration lanes with different lengths of expressway service areas were collected through Vehicle eye trackers.The data were analyzed and modeled by linear regression equation,the relationship between the eye movement index and the heart rate growth rate in the acceleration lanes with different length in expressway service areas was described,and the driving comfort was examined with tension as a middle quantity.The results show that in the acceleration lanes of expressway service areas with different lengths,the average fixation time,saccade range,pupil size and heart rate growth rate are closely correlated,while the percentage of fixation time,blink rate and heart rate growth rate are not significant enough.Based on the heart rate growth rate,the driving comfort is divided into three levels,with thresholds being 32.120 and 37.900.The length of the accelerating lane has negative impact on driver’s comfort.Drivers,being nervous or even fearful on a shorter acceleration lane,are prone to misoperation,resulting in a security risk.