增材制造NiTi合金研究进展

Research progress of NiTi alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing

NiTi作为一种形状记忆合金,具有优异的形状记忆效应、超弹性、耐腐蚀性、生物相容性,在生物医用、航空航天、微机电等领域均有着广泛的应用。增材制造(additive manufacturing,AM)技术作为一种新兴的加工方式,能够提高NiTi合金加工效率,并扩展NiTi合金应用领域。本文介绍了近年来国内外增材制造NiTi合金的研究进展,主要包括增材制造加工过程中原料及工艺的选择,熔池、晶粒、析出物、缺陷等的组织特点,原料、工艺参数、热处理对增材制造NiTi合金力学性能、相变温度、形状记忆效应、超弹性、表面质量的影响。最后对增材制造NiTi合金的研究现状进行了总结,展望了未来的发展趋势。

As a kind of shape memory alloys,the NiTi alloys show the excellent shape memory effect,superelasticity,corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility,which have been widely used in the biomedical,aerospace,and micro electro mechanical fields.Additive manufacturing(AM)as the new processing method can enhance the manufacturing efficiency of the NiTi alloys and broaden the applications.The research progress of the NiTi alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing was reviewed in this paper,including the selections of raw materials and process,the microstructural characteristics of molten pool,grain,precipitates,and defects,the effects of raw materials,processing parameters,and heat treatment on the mechanical properties,phase transformation temperature,shape memory effect,superelasticity,and surface quality.Finally,the research status of the NiTi alloys fabricated by additive manufacturing was summarized,and the perspectives for the future research in this area were presented.