HLA-DQ单核苷酸多态性与婴儿牛奶蛋白过敏的相关性分析

Correlation between HLA-DQ single nucleotide polymorphism and infant cow′s milk protein allergy

目的分析HLA-DQ单核苷酸多态性与婴儿牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA)的相关性。方法回顾性收集杭州市儿童医院2020年1~8月确诊的80例CMPA患儿(CMPA组)和80名健康婴儿(对照组)为研究对象,统计两组基本临床信息;采用实时荧光定量PCR分析HLA-DQ单核苷酸多态性;采用多因素logistic回归分析探讨CMPA的危险因素。结果本研究共纳入160例婴儿进行分析,CMPA组婴儿纯母乳喂养时间显著短于对照组,而家族过敏史和HLA-DQA1基因频率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,有家族过敏史(OR=2.99,95%CI:1.721~15.193)和HLA-DQA1基因型(OR=10.412,95%CI:5.010~21.636)是婴儿发生CMPA的独立危险因素,纯母乳喂养时间≥4个月是儿童发生CMPA的保护因素(OR=0.405,95%CI:0.306~0.775)。结论HLA-DQ单核苷酸多态性与婴儿CMPA的发生有相关性,HLA-DQA1基因型可能是CMPA的易感基因型。

Objective To analyze the correlation between HLA-DQ single nucleotide polymorphism and infant cow′s milk protein allergy(CMPA).Methods Eighty infants with CMPA(the CMPA group)and 80 healthy infants(the control group)who were diagnosed in Hangzhou Children′s Hospital from January to August 2020 were retrospectively collected as the research subjects,and the basic clinical information of the two groups was statistically analyzed.HLA-DQ single nucleotide polymorphism was analyzed by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.The risk factors of CMPA were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 160 infants were included in this study.The duration of exclusive breastfeeding in the CMPA group was significantly shorter than that in the control group,and the family history of allergy and the frequency of HLA-DQA1 gene were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the family history of allergy(OR=2.99,95%CI:1.721-15.193)and HLA-DQA1 genotype(OR=10.412,95%CI:5.010-21.636)were independent risk factors for CMPA in infants,and exclusive breastfeeding≥4 months was a protective factor for CMPA in children(OR=0.405,95%CI:0.306-0.775).Conclusion HLA-DQ single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with the occurrence of infant CMPA,and HLA-DQA1 genotype may be the susceptibility genotype of CMPA.