事件相关电位P300在脑卒中后认知障碍中的研究进展

Advances in the study of event-related potential P300 in post-stroke cognitive impairment

脑卒中后认知障碍是脑卒中患者常见并发症之一,会严重影响患者日常生活能力和疾病转归。事件相关电位P300是与认知过程关系最为密切的事件相关电位(ERP)成分之一,因临床认知评估量表、神经影像方法在使用过程中存在一定的主客观局限性,其作为评估脑卒中后认知损害的有效补充工具,可靠性和敏感度正日益引起临床工作者的重视。本文拟回顾国内外相关文献,从事件相关电位P300的角度围绕脑卒中后记忆力、注意力、执行功能、视空间、定向力等认知功能缺陷及其与情感障碍、运动再学习的联系等方面的临床应用潜力以及P300的影响因素进行综述,以期为脑卒中后认知障碍的诊断治疗、评估预测等提供指导,从而作为临床实践中进一步合理应用这一工具的理论依据。

Post-stroke cognitive impairment is one of the common complications in stroke patients,which can seriously affect the activities of daily living and disease outcome of patients.Event-related potential(ERP)P300 is one of the components of ERP most closely related to cognitive process,and its reliability and sensitivity as an effective complementary tool for assessing post-stroke cognitive impairment are drawing increasing attention from clinical workers since the clinical cognitive assessment scales and neuroimaging methods expose certain subjective and objective limitations in use.This paper intends to review the clinical application potential of the ERP P300 in terms of memory,attention,executive function,visuospatial,orientation,and other post-stroke cognitive deficits and its association with affective disorders and motor relearning,as well as the factors affecting the P300,by retrospecting the foreign and domestic literature,in order to provide a guidance for the diagnosis,treatment,and assessment and prediction of post-stroke cognitive impairment.In this way,it can serve as a theoretical basis for further rational application of this tool in clinical practice.