环境统计与排污许可衔接的工业源排放核算研究

Research on Emission Estimation of Industrial Pollution Sources Considering the Connection Between Environmental Statistics and Discharge Permit

环境统计面临依据排污许可数据估算工业污染排放总量的挑战。以某市4个行业6类污染物的排放数据为案例,讨论了在非重点源污染排放量估算问题上衔接排污许可和环境统计的可行性和存在的问题。研究结果表明:排污许可重点管理单位与环境统计重点调查单位存在显著差异,不能采用比率估算方法估算工业非重点源排污量;排污许可简化和登记管理单位排放量大且差异大,导致抽样估算成本高、误差大。建议开展污染源普查、环境统计和排污许可数据间的多源数据比较,进一步调整和完善排污许可分类,促进环境统计与排污许可制度间的衔接和融合。

Environmental statistics is facing the challenge of estimating the total amount of industrial pollution emissions based on the data of discharge permits.Taking the emissions of 6 pollutants from 4 industries in a city as a case,this study discussed the feasibility and existing problems of linking the discharge permit and environmental statistics in the estimation of non-key industrial pollution emission.The results showed that there is a significant difference of the key units between pollutant discharge permit and environmental statistics,and the“estimating by ratio”method cannot be used to estimate the pollutant emission of industrial non-key sources.There are large average and large variation of emissions in the discharge permit simplified and registration management units,which leads to high survey cost and large error in sampling estimation.It suggested to adjust and improve the classification of emission permit through carrying out data comparison among pollution source census,environmental statistics and discharge permit system,which will promote the convergence and integration between environmental statistics and emission permit system.