基于F&EI的新兴有机材料生产过程风险分析

Risk Assessment on Emerging Organic Material Production Process Based on F&EI

新兴民营企业在运营流程中采取行政安全一手抓的管理模式,在新型有机材料生产和加工的过程中出现诸多新的安全问题。为规避此类问题带来的事故风险,以浙江某新兴材料企业为例,通过实地调研、定性分析和定量评估相结合的方法,对其物料、工艺、设备及维护过程中的危险源及有害因素进行风险分析。基于现场勘察获得引起生产加工过程中危险物质泄漏、火灾及爆炸事故的高风险因素,通过道化学火灾爆炸危险指数(fire and explosion index,F&EI)模型对新兴有机材料生产企业的危险因素进行定量评估。结果表明:其发生事故的最高危险等级为“非常大”,暴露危险区域超过5709.05 m^(2)。基于此,究以安全文化建设、风险防控技术及事故应急处置等多层面综合提出事故风险管控对策,通过一系列安全管控补偿后,可见该新兴企业生产加工环节的事故危险等级降至“较轻”及以下,暴露危险区域控制在1315.73 m^(2)内。

Emerging enterprises generally adopt a comprehensive management mode by integrating administration with safety management in operation,which in turn leads to multiple new safety problems during their production and processing of new organic materials.In order to avoid subsequent accidental risks,an emerging enterprise of Zhejiang province was taken as an example in this study,and the risk assessment on the hazard sources and harmful factors in its materials,technical process,equipment and maintenance through on-site investigation,qualitative analysis and quantitative assessment was carried out.High-risk factors of hazardous materials dispersion,fire and explosion accidents triggered in the production and processing of the enterprises were obtained based on field investigation,the result of which were quantitatively evaluated by Dow’s F&EI model.Their highest risk level of accident as“very risky”was determined,with an exposure to a danger zone of over 5709.05 m^(2).On this basis,multi-level comprehensive risk control countermeasures were developed in this study,in aspects of safety culture development,risk prevention and control technology and accident emergency disposal.With a series of complement safety measurement,the accident risk of the enterprise production and machining was reduced below“Slight”and the exposure to hazardous area was managed within 1315.73 m^(2).