“中庸”与“道统”——清华简《保训》新读

"Doctrine of the Mean"and"the Pedigree of Tao(道统)":a New Explanation to"Bao Xun"of Tsinghua Bamboo Slips

清华简《保训》中的“追中”犹言“求中”,不当改读为“归中”;“假中”意同《国语》中的“徼中”,是请求某人主持公道之意。“中”与“中庸”“道”“一”“极”“天心”等概念含义相通,都是指自然的神圣法则。古人认为掌握自然的神圣法则是“受命”的必要条件,而“中”的传授谱系其实就是“道统”。对“中”的理解差异构成了先秦诸子的根本分歧,而“中”实是中国思想的根本源头。

The"Zhuizhong"in the"Bao Xun"of Tsinghua bamboo equals to"Qiuzhong(求中)",which should not be read as"Guizhong(归中)"."Jiazhong(假中)"in"Bao Xun"is like"Yaozhong(徼中)"in Guoyu,which means asking someone to uphold justice."Zhong(中)"has the same meaning as"Doctrine of the Mean","Tao","One","Ji(极)"and"Heart of Heaven(天心)",and they all refer to the divine law of nature.The ancients believed that mastering the divine laws of nature is a necessary condition for obtain the mission to rule the world,and the"Zhong"teaching lineage is actually orthodoxy.The differences in understanding of"Zhong"constitute the fundamental differences among the pre-Qin scholars,and"Zhong"is the fundamental source of Chinese thought.