早期蒙古材料中的先锋:以“阿勒斤赤”与“莽来”的词义及演变为中心

Vanguard in Early Mongolian Sources:Centered on the Meaning and Evolution of"Alginci"and"Manglai"

十三世纪前后的蒙古人在作战之前有派出先头部队的习惯。早期蒙古材料中多用“阿勒斤赤”与“莽来”指代这些先头部队。学界往往将这些词汇不假思索地翻译为“先锋”。但是这些部队各自有其自身的特性与职能,与汉语中的先锋并非完全吻合。此外,随着蒙古汗国疆域的扩大,其先头部队的意涵也发生着变化。

The Mongols around the 13 th century had the habit of sending vanguard troops before fighting.In early Mongolian sources,"Alginci"and"Manglai"were often used to refer to these vanguard forces.Academic circles often translate these words into"pioneer"without extra consideration.However,these troops have their own characteristics and functions,which are not completely consistent with the vanguard in Chinese.In addition,with the expansion of the territory of the Mongolian Empire,the meaning of its vanguard forces has also changed.