水土流失系统治理对河湖生态环境提升的作用与举措

Functions of soil and water conservation for restoration of rivers and lakes eco-environment and measure study

复苏河湖生态环境是推动新阶段水利高质量发展的重要路径,是筑牢生态安全底线的紧迫任务。水土保持作为调水保土、阻控流域面源污染的关键手段,坚持山水林田湖草沙综合治理、系统治理、源头治理,对于提升江河湖泊生态保护能力、复苏和维护河湖健康生命具有重要意义。系统梳理了水土流失对江河湖泊生态环境的影响,阐明了强化水土流失系统治理、因地制宜打造生态清洁小流域对复苏河湖水生态环境的重要作用,提出了以复苏河湖生态环境为目标导向的流域水土流失系统治理重要举措,研究结果旨在从水土保持角度为我国大江大河和重要湖泊水生态环境治理决策提供参考。

Recovery of eco-environment of rivers and lakes is not only the key path to high-quality water development,but also pressing task for creating a solid base of ecological security in the new stage. As a key measure of conserving water and preventing soil erosion and non-point source pollution, water and soil conservation emphasizes comprehensive,systematic and source-oriented approaches to integrate mountain, river, forest, farmland, lake, grass and sand. It is of great meaning to the increase of capability of ecological protection, restore and maintain the health of rivers and lakes.Based on systematic review of impact of soil and water loss on eco-environment of rivers and lakes, we describe the important role of control of soil and water loss by creating ecologically-clean small watersheds according to local conditions. Key measures for systematic management of watersheds are proposed with the goal of restoration of eco-environment of rivers and lakes. The result of study may provide an insight for decision-making in water environment restoration in major rivers and lakes in China.