基于碳汇收益和木材收益损失的碳汇造林补偿标准研究

Research on compensation standard for carbon sequestration afforestation based on carbon sequestration income and loss of wood income

根据湖北省咸宁市通山县、嘉鱼县和崇阳县的实地调研数据,运用改进的Faustmann-Hartman模型测算杉木碳汇林在不同林龄的碳汇收益、木材收益和林地期望价值,基于碳汇造林带来的林业碳汇收益和农户损失的木材收益综合测算碳汇造林的生态补偿标准,并分析木材价格、碳价格和利率等经济因素变化对补偿标准制定的影响。结果表明:在设定的条件下,综合木材收益和碳汇收益的林地期望价值在林龄22 a时达到最大值43986.01元·hm^(-2),与之相比,林龄30 a时木材收益仅为29593.42元·hm^(-2),碳汇收益和农户损失的木材收益的综合价值为14392.59元·hm^(-2)。当补偿期限为30 a时,碳汇造林的生态补偿标准为832.33元·hm^(-2)·a^(-1)。碳汇造林补偿标准对木材价格变动的敏感性最高,其次是利率,最后是碳价格。基于上述结论,建议综合碳汇收益和农户损失的木材收益制定合理的碳汇造林生态补偿标准,并加强对农户营造碳汇林的技术培训,建立健全的碳交易市场制度,以保障林业碳汇的供给,实现多效益的协同发展。

Based on the survey data in Tongshan County,Jiayu County and Chongyang County of Xianning City in Hubei Province,China,the improved Faustmann-Hartman model was introduced to calculate the carbon sequestration income,wood income and expected value of forestland of carbon sequestration afforestation with Chinese fur under different stand ages.Then,the compensation standard for carbon sequestration afforestation was determined based on the carbon sequestration income and the loss of wood income of farmers,and the impact of economic factors such as wood price,carbon price and interest rate on compensation standard was discussed.It was shown that the expected value of forestland(combined with wood income and carbon sequestration income)reached the maximum value of 43986.01 yuan·hm^(-2) in 22 a under the given conditions.Compared with the maximum expected value of forestland,the wood income in 30 a was only 29593.42 yuan·hm^(-2).Thus,the ecological compensation,which should be the comprehensive of carbon sequestration income and farmer's loss of wood income,was 14392.59 yuan·hm^(-2).When the compensation period was set as 30 a,the ecological compensation standard for carbon sequestration afforestation should be 832.33 yuan·hm-2·a-1.The compensation standard was most sensitive to changes of wood price,which was followed by the interest rate,and finally the carbon price.Based on the above findings,it was recommended to formulate reasonable compensation standard for carbon sequestration afforestation based on carbon sequestration income and loss of wood income,strengthen technical training for farmers on carbon sequestration afforestation,and establish a sound carbon trading market system to ensure forestry carbon sequestration supply and achieve multi-benefit coordinated development.