基于正交试验的楔形橡胶减振器三向刚度研究

Research on Three-dimensional Stiffness of Wedge-shaped Rubber Shock Absorber Based on Orthogonal Experiment

利用Solidwork软件建立楔形橡胶减振器三维模型,由单轴压缩试验得到橡胶材料(天然橡胶胶料)的应力-应变曲线,通过有限元仿真结果与试验结果对比确定Mooney-Rivlin模型为橡胶材料本构模型;采用正交试验方法,以橡胶材料邵尔A型硬度、橡胶层厚度、橡胶层倾斜角度及钢板数量为变量因子,研究其对楔形橡胶减振器三向刚度的影响。结果表明:橡胶材料邵尔A型硬度和橡胶层倾斜角度增大,楔形橡胶减振器的轴向和纵向刚度先增大后减小;橡胶层厚度增大,减振器的轴向和纵向刚度减小;钢板数量增多,减振器的轴向和纵向刚度增大;这4个变量因子对减振器的横向刚度影响不大;同时满足减振器三向许用刚度的橡胶材料邵尔A型硬度、橡胶层厚度、橡胶层倾斜角度和钢板数量分别为66度以上、30~35 mm、64°~67°、1-2。

The three-dimensional model of the wedge-shaped rubber shock absorber was established through Solidwork software,the stress-strain curve of the rubber material(natural rubber compound) was obtained through uniaxial compression test,and the Mooney-Rivlin model was determined as the constitutive model of rubber material by comparing the finite element simulation results with the test results. The effects of Shore A hardness of the rubber material,thickness of the rubber layer,inclination angle of the rubber layer and number of the steel plates on the three-dimensional stiffness of wedge-shaped rubber shock absorber were investigated by using orthogonal experiment method. The results showed that with the increase of the Shore A hardness of the rubber material and the inclination angle of the rubber layer,the axial and longitudinal stiffnesses of the wedge-shaped rubber shock absorber first increased and then decreased. With the increase of the thickness of the rubber layer,the axial and longitudinal stiffnesses of the shock absorber decreased. With the increase of the number of steel plates,the axial and longitudinal stiffnesses of the shock absorber increased. In addition,these four variable factors had little effect on the lateral stiffness of the shock absorber. In order to meet the requirements of all three-dimensional stiffness of the shock absorber at the same time,the shore A hardness of the rubber material should be higher than 66 degrees,the thickness of the rubber layer was in the range of 30~35 mm,the inclination angle of the rubber layer was from 64° to 67°,and the number of steel plates was 1-2.