恩施地区市售硒食品重金属污染及健康风险评估

Heavy Metal Pollution and Health Risk Assessment of Commercially Available Selenium Food in Enshi Area

目的:了解恩施地区市售硒食品中重金属铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)的污染情况,开展健康风险评估。方法:在恩施地区采集本地产硒食品包括谷物类、食用菌类、豆类、肉类、蛋类和茶叶类,采用相应国家标准规定的方法测定Pb、Cd、Hg、As重金属元素含量,采用美国环保署健康风险评估模型对本地居民经此6类食品摄入Pb、Cd、Hg、As的人体健康风险进行描述。结果:恩施地区市售6类硒食品中,重金属污染物均有较高的检出率,但重金属的超标率不高,不同种类的食品受重金属污染程度也不一样;6类食品的多种重金属复合风险值均小于1。结论:恩施地区市售6类硒食品不同程度上受到了Pb、Cd、Hg、As的污染,但总体污染程度较低,经膳食途径摄入6类硒食品重金属整体上是安全的,不存在膳食摄入风险或风险较低。

Objective:To understand the pollution of lead (Pb),cadmium (Cd),mercury (Hg) and arsenic (As) in commercially available selenium food in Enshi area,and to carry out health risk assessment.Methods:Local selenium foods including cereals,edible fungi,beans,meat,eggs and tea were collected in Enshi,and the contents of Heavy metals Pb,Cd,Hg and As were determined by the methods stipulated in the corresponding national standards.Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) health risk assessment model was used to describe the health risks of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in local residents.Results:In the 6 kinds of commercially available selenium food in Enshi area,the detection rate of heavy metal pollutants is high,but the over-standard rate of heavy metal is not high,and the degree of heavy metal pollution in different kinds of food is also different.The combined risk values of various heavy metals in 6 kinds of food were all less than 1.Conclusion:The 6 kinds of commercially available selenium food in Enshi area were polluted by Pb,Cd,Hg and As in different degrees,but the overall pollution degree was low.Dietary intake of heavy metals in 6 kinds of selenium foods is generally safe,and there is no risk of dietary intake or low risk.