清朝大一统进程与西北民族互市贸易格局的形成

The Great Reunification Process of the Qing Dynasty and the Formation of Mutual Ethnic Trade Pattern in Northwest China

清代西北地区形成了以甘肃为主要贸易地的民族互市贸易格局。在清朝实现大一统之前,甘肃地区即为清朝同西北诸藩部互市贸易的重要之区。乾隆朝清朝实现大一统之后,甘肃地区作为直省的边缘,同漠南蒙古、青海蒙古、新疆哈密等藩部地带广泛接壤,是清朝经略西北边疆的支点,也是西北藩部同清朝直省互市贸易的重要区域。随着清朝大一统局面的日益巩固,在统一多民族国家内部,直省与藩部的互市贸易日益发展,大一统国家内部的民族交融局面不断巩固。

The Qing Dynasty has developed a pattern of mutual ethnic trade with Gansu as the main trading place in Northwest China.Before the great reunification of the Qing Dynasty, Gansu was an important area of mutual trade between the Qing Dynasty and the northwest vassals.After the great reunification of the Qing Dynasty, Gansu, as the edge of the provincesunder the direct administration of the central government, widely borders the vassal areas such as Monan Mongolia, Qinghai Mongolia and Xinjiang Hami.It is not only the fulcrum for the Qing Dynasty to administer the northwest frontier, but also an important area for the mutual trade between the northwest vassals and the provinces under the direct administration of the central government of the Qing Dynasty.With the consolidation of the great reunification of the Qing Dynasty, within the unified multi-ethnic state, has gradually developed the mutual trade between the provinces under the direct administration of the central government and the vassals, and the national integration situation within the reunified state has been increasingly consolidated.