信号交叉口直右动态车道优化设计及评价分析

Optimization Design and Evaluation Analysis on Dynamic Straight-right Lane at Signalized Intersection

在现实城市道路网络中,信号交叉口进口道采用直右共用车道的设置形式,会产生红灯期间直右车道上直行车辆停车等待影响右转车辆正常通行的现象,从而引起交叉口右转车辆延误增加以及整个交叉口通行效率降低的问题。为了解决这一问题,依据预信号以及动态车道的理念,设计了直右车道和相邻直行车道上车辆的运行规则,同时将可变信息显示板与主信号协调联动,给出了可变信息显示板与交叉口停车线间距的计算公式,以及协同主信号的可变信息板的配时方案。提出了一种基于直右共用车道的新型动态车道组织设计方案。结合信号控制方案与动态车道设计理念,利用交通波理论构建了车辆在交叉口各个方向的延误计算模型。最后以实际数据为基础,以典型的四相位信号交叉口为研究对象,利用MATLAB软件分别分析了优化前后的周期长度、饱和流率、换道率、直右流量比等因素对动态车道性能的影响,验证了信号交叉口设置直右动态车道的可行性和所建立模型的实用性,并根据该方法的评价效果确定其适用的条件。结果表明:周期长度、饱和流率、换道率和直右流量比都是直右动态车道优化设计的重要指标,优化后的信号交叉口直右动态车道方案能够显著减少右转车辆的延误,提高交叉口的通行效率。

In the real urban road network, the entrance lanes of signalized intersections adopt the form of straight-right shared lane, which will cause the phenomenon that straight-going vehicles in the straight-right lane stop and wait during the red light and affect the normal passage of right-turning vehicles, thus causing the delay increase of right-turning vehicles and the reduction of the traffic efficiency at the intersection. In order to solve this problem, according to the concept of pre-signal and dynamic lane, the operating rules of vehicles in the straight-right lane and adjacent straight lane are formulated. At the same time, the variable message board is coordinated with the main signal, the calculation formula of the distance between the variable message board and the parking line at intersection and the timing scheme of the cooperative main signal on the variable message board are given. Then, a new dynamic lane organization design scheme based on straight-right shared lane is proposed. Combining the signal control scheme and the concept of dynamic lane design, the calculation model of vehicle delay in all directions at the intersection is constructed by using traffic wave theory. Finally, based on the actual data and taking the typical four-phase signalized intersection as the research object, the influences of cycle length, saturation flow rate, lane changing rate, straight right volume ratio and other factors on the performance of dynamic lane before and after optimization are analyzed by using MATLAB software, which verified the feasibility of setting straight-right dynamic lane at signalized intersection and the practicability of the established model, and the applicable conditions are determined according to the evaluation effect of the method. The result shows that cycle length, saturation flow rate, lane change rate and straight-right volume ratio are all important indicators for the optimization design of straight-right dynamic lane. The optimized straight-right dynamic lane scheme at signalized intersections can significantly reduce the delay of right-turning vehicles and increase the traffic efficiency at intersection.