环状RNA在眼底疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of circular RNA in ocular fundus diseases

环状RNA(circRNA)是一类通过反向剪接生成的新的内源性非编码RNA,具有miRNA"海绵"、调节转录和剪接、调节蛋白之间的相互作用等功能。最近的研究表明,circRNA在视网膜微血管功能障碍、糖尿病视网膜病变、老年性黄斑变性、增生性玻璃体视网膜病变、高同型半胱氨酸血症所致眼病和眼部恶性肿瘤等眼底疾病的发生和发展过程中发挥着重要作用。在病理状态下,circRNA的差异性表达改变了相应基因的转录和翻译,从而改变细胞的活性和功能。CircRNA可能成为眼底疾病新的标志物和预后指标,其靶向干预也可能成为眼底疾病潜在的治疗方法。

Circular RNA(circRNA)is a new group of endogenous non-coding RNAs produced by back-splicing,which has multiple molecular functions such as acting as microRNA sponges,regulators of transcription and splicing,adaptors for protein-protein interaction.Recent studies have shown that circRNA play an essential role in development and progression of retinal microvascular dysfunction,diabetic retinopathy,age-related macular degeneration,proliferative vitreoretinopathy,eye diseases caused by hyperhomocysteine and ocular malignancy.In pathological conditions,the differential expression of circRNA alters the transcription and translation of corresponding genes,thus changing the activity and function of cells.CircRNA may become a new marker and prognostic indicator of fundus diseases,and its targeted intervention may also become a potential treatment for fundus diseases.