ERA-Interim和CMFD气象驱动数据在新疆额尔齐斯河流域的适用性评价

Evaluation of applicability of ERA-Interim and CMFD meteorological forcing data in the Irtysh River basin,Xinjiang

气象驱动数据质量是影响流域水文过程模拟精度的一个重要因素。基于新疆额尔齐斯河流域及周边区域8个气象站记录的数据,对ERA-Interim再分析资料和中国区域地面气象要素驱动数据集(CMFD)在流域的适用性进行了评价,并对比了ERA-Interim和CMFD气象要素年均值在流域的空间分布。结果表明:ERA-Interim和CMFD记录气温、相对湿度、向下短波辐射和向下长波辐射数据与观测数据具有较高的一致性,但降水和风速数据与观测数据的一致性比较差。小时尺度上ERA-Interim记录的气温、相对湿度、降水量、向下短波辐射准确度略高于CMFD数据,而日尺度上CMFD记录的所有气象要素的准确度均高于ERA-Interim数据,结合Noah-MP模型的模拟结果,认为CMFD数据在新疆额尔齐斯河流域的适用性整体优于ERA-Interim数据。从两种驱动数据获取的流域气象要素空间分布来看,ERA-Interim和CMFD获取的年平均气温、风速、相对湿度、降水量、向下长波辐射在流域空间具有高度一致性,但向下短波辐射空间分布差别较大。

The quality of meteorological forcing data is an important factor affecting the accuracy of hydrologi⁃cal process simulation.Based on the data recorded by eight meteorological stations in the Irtysh River basin of Xinjiang and surrounding areas,this study evaluated the applicability of the ERA-Interim reanalysis data and the China meteorological forcing dataset(CMFD),and compared the spatial distribution of ERA-Interim and CMFD annual mean meteorological elements in the basin.The results show that:(1)the air temperature,rela⁃tive humidity,downward short-wave radiation and downward long-wave radiation recorded by ERA-Interim and CMFD have high consistency with the observed data,but the consistency of precipitation and wind speed data with the observed data is poor.(2)The accuracy of temperature,relative humidity,precipitation,and down⁃ward shortwave radiation recorded by ERA-Interim on the hourly scale is slightly higher than that of CMFD da⁃ta,while the accuracy of all meteorological elements recorded by CMFD on the daily scale is higher than that of ERA-Interim.Combined with the simulation results of the Noah-MP model,it is believed that the applicability of the CMFD data in the Irtysh River basin is better than the ERA-Interim data.(3)From the spatial distribution of meteorological elements in the basin obtained by the two forcing data,the annual average temperature,wind speed,relative humidity,precipitation,and downward longwave radiation obtained by ERA-Interim and CMFD are highly consistent in the basin space,but the spatial distribution of downward short-wave radiation is quite dif⁃ferent.