细胞增殖与凋亡在激素性白内障发病机制中的研究进展

Cell proliferation and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced cataract

糖皮质激素类药物的药理作用分为抗炎作用、免疫抑制作用、抗休克作用以及抗毒作用,它可防止和抑制免疫炎症反应和病理免疫反应。在临床上,它一般被用来治疗免疫性疾病、肾脏疾病、过敏以及血液系统疾病,由于其疗效显著,近几年被广泛应用,但长期大剂量的使用该药物,可造成晶状体后囊膜混浊,引起激素性白内障。激素性白内障的发病机制复杂且尚未完全阐明,给其治疗带来一定难度。近年来,研究陆续发现细胞增殖与凋亡几乎是贯穿激素性白内障发病机制中的各种学说,故本文着重探讨多种基因、蛋白、生长因子和信号转导通路途径在调控细胞的增殖与凋亡过程中的功能,进而深入探讨细胞增殖与凋亡在激素性白内障发病机制中的作用。

Glucocorticoids have anti-inflammatory,immunosuppressive,anti-shock and anti-toxic actions as major pharmacological effects,which can prevent and inhibit immune inflammatory response and pathological immune response.In clinic practice,they can be widely used to treat immune system diseases,kidney diseases,allergies and blood system diseases because of their remarkable therapeutic effect.However,long-term and high-dose use can cause lens posterior capsule opacification and lead to glucocorticoid-induced cataract(GIC).The complex and incompletely elucidated pathogenesis brings some difficulties in the treatment of GIC.In recent years,the various theories on the pathogenesis of GIC almost touch on the cell proliferation and apoptosis.Therefore,this paper focuses on the functions of multiple genes,proteins,growth factors and signal transduction pathways in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis to explore the role of cell proliferation and apoptosis in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid induced cataract.