摘要
范畴在本质上具有动态性,“动态范畴化”理论强调从动态角度对词义范畴进行历时或即时研究。词义的动态范畴化可以在语言的不同维度上得以体现。那么,词义动态范畴化的工作机制是什么呢?本文认为,隐喻、转喻与基体/侧显是词义动态范畴化的有效工作机制,并将隐喻细化为概念隐喻、范畴隐喻及语法隐喻,将转喻细化为概念转喻和语法转喻。隐喻、转喻与基体/侧显这三大机制在词语意义层、句子意义层、语篇意义层上,对词义的动态范畴化发挥着不同的作用。
Categories by nature are dynamic, and the dynamic categorization of word meaning can be manifested in different dimensions of language. Metaphor, metonymy and base/profile are the three working mechanisms of dynamic categorization of word meaning. This paper selects some linguistic data to elaborate and explain these three working mechanisms. We classify metaphor into conceptual metaphor, category metaphor and grammatical metaphor, and metonymy into conceptual and grammatical metonymy. The three mechanisms of metaphor, metonymy and base/profile play different roles in the dynamic categorization of word meaning at the level of lexical meaning, sentence meaning and discourse meaning.
出处
《外国语文》
北大核心
2022年第2期20-30,共11页
Foreign Languages and Literature
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“汉语动词的词义动态范畴化研究”(21BYY168)的阶段性成果。
关键词
隐喻
转喻
基体/侧显
动态范畴化
metaphor
metonymy
base/profile
dynamic categorization
