胞外超氧化物歧化酶(EC-SOD)抗辐射作用的研究进展

Research progress of EC-SOD radiation resistance

电磁辐射、电离辐射、光辐射等辐射导致的组织器官损伤过程中常伴有活性氧(ROS)的激活和DNA损伤,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)是生物体内广泛存在的一种抗氧化金属酶,在氧化-抗氧化平衡调控中发挥着重要的作用,并且参与了众多疾病的发生与发展,其中胞外超氧化物歧化酶(EC-SOD)主要分布于细胞外基质中。大量研究表明EC-SOD在多种组织器官的辐射损伤中发挥着抗辐射的作用,其主要通过降低ROS水平、抗血管生成,抗趋化和抗炎等方式防止细胞和组织的进一步损伤。因此,本文将对EC-SOD及其模拟物或类似物在辐射防护中的保护作用及其机制进行综述,为EC-SOD应用于辐射防护提供理论参考。

The tissue and organ damage process caused by electromagnetic radiation,ionizing radiation,optical radiation,and other radiation is often accompanied by reactive oxygen species(ROS)activation and DNA damage.Superoxide dismutase(SOD)is an antioxidant metalloenzyme that exists in the organism,which plays a vital role in the body’s oxidant/antioxidant balance,and participates in the occurrence and development of many diseases.Extra-cellular superoxide dismutase(EC-SOD)is mainly found in the extra-cellular matrix.Many studies have demonstrated that EC-SOD plays a protective role in radiation damage to a variety of tissues and organs,which mainly prevents further damage to cells and tissues by reducing ROS levels,anti-angiogenesis,anti-chemotactic and anti-inflammatory.Therefore,we have reviewed the protective role and mechanism of EC-SOD and its mimetics or analogues in radiation protection,and provide a theoretical reference for the application of EC-SOD with radiation resistance.