职业教育政策变通执行的主要表现、基本形式与改革建议

Main Manifestations,Basic Forms and Reform Suggestions of Flexible Implementation of Vocational Education Policy

职业教育政策变通执行是职业教育政策执行者在政策执行过程中对某一(几)个政策元素作了变动,致使职业教育政策没能完全遵从政策制定者意图的政策行为。我国职业教育政策变通执行主要表现在政策目标、政策内容和政策过程的变通。职业教育政策变通执行的基本形式主要有积极变通和消极变通两种形式。职业教育政策变通执行增加了政策执行的风险,需要加以理性审视和积极应对。通过建立逐级完善的职业教育政策制定架构、在政策设计时预留政策积极变通执行空间、在制度设计时堵塞政策消极变通执行漏洞等方式,将职业教育政策变通执行引入职业教育政策执行的正确轨道,保证职业教育政策执行的稳定性和可预期性。

The flexible implementation of vocational education policy refers to the policy behavior that the policy executor changes one(several)policy element(elements)in the implementation process,resulting in the vocational education policy not fully complying with the intention of the policy maker.It is mainly reflected in the flexibility of policy objectives,policy contents and policy process,including positive flexible implementation and negative flexible implementation.This implementation flexibility increases the risk of policy implementation,which needs to be treated rationally and take positive countermeasures.Thus it requires the construction of a step-by-step perfect vocational education policy-making framework,the reservation of positive flexible implementation space in the policy design and the blocking of negative flexible implementation loopholes in the system design.Therefore,the flexible implementation of vocational education policy should be introduced into the correct track and ensure the policy implementation to be stability and predictability.