老年人参与农村互助养老服务供给的模式特征及其影响因素

Research on the Elderly Participating in the Supply of Rural Mutual Assistance Services for the Aged:Pattern Characteristics and Influential Factors

老年人是农村互助养老服务供给的重要主体。本文利用苏冀陕三省农村老年人社会调查数据,采用潜在类别分析方法识别老年人参与农村互助养老服务供给的模式类型,运用多分类Logistic回归分析方法分析不同供给模式的影响因素,研究发现:老年人参与互助养老服务供给的意愿水平整体不高,且对不同类型互助养老服务供给的意愿差异较大;老年人参与互助养老服务供给具有多元化的选择和组合偏好,可分为情感-管理型、情感型、低参与型、低管理型及高参与型5种供给模式;个体因素、经济因素、社会因素和环境因素均对农村互助养老服务供给模式选择有显著影响;建议针对老年人参与农村互助养老服务供给的不同模式,发挥家庭支持作用、健全政府激励机制、加强互助养老宣传,精准引导老年人参与互助养老服务供给。

Elderly people are the main bodies of the supply of rural mutual assistance services for the aged.This paper uses the social survey data collected from elderly people in Jiangsu,Hebei and Shaanxi Provinces to identify the patterns of the elderly participating in the supply of these services with the latent class model and the influential factors with the multi-classification logistic regression analysis.Results suggest that the willingness of the elderly participating in the supply of rural mutual assistance services is low and they have great differences among different services.Elderly people show diverse choices and combination preferences on the supply of rural mutual assistance services for the aged and there are five supply patterns,including emotional care-administrative services supply pattern,emotional care services supply pattern,low participation pattern,low-administrative services supply pattern and high participation pattern.The elderly’s choices for the supply patterns are affected by individual factors,economic factors,social factors and environmental factors.For the different services upply patterns,it is suggested to play the important role of family support,improve the incentive mechanism of the government,strengthen the publicity of rural mutual assistance for the agedand make targeted guidance for elderly people to participate in the supply of these services.