Earliest hand-and footprint art indicates that Denisovans may have occupied the interior of the high-altitude Tibetan Plateau since 200 thousand years ago

As a result of rapid uplift since the late Cenozoic, the Tibetan Plateau eventually developed an enormous area(3.08 million km^(2)) and became the highest elevation plateau on Earth. The cold and hypoxic environments of the Tibetan Plateau,combined with the strong solar radiation receipt and lack of biological resources, present a major challenge to the occupation and expansion of humans.