亚低温疗法联合早期肠内营养支持在重症颅脑损伤患儿中的应用研究

Application of mild hypothermia combined with early enteral nutritional support in children with severe craniocerebral injury

目的探讨亚低温治疗的重症颅脑损伤患儿实施早期肠内营养支持方案的安全性及效果。方法采用便利抽样法将符合标准的102例患儿分为试验组和对照组,对照组采用常规护理,试验组在常规护理的基础上制订并实施以护士为主导的早期肠内营养支持方案,比较两组患儿胃肠道不良反应,≤48 h开展肠内营养情况,白蛋白、总蛋白变化,营养中断次数、机械通气时间、入住PICU时间。结果两组患儿胃肠道相关不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组患儿≤48 h开展肠内营养的例数,入院第7天、入院第14天白蛋白、总蛋白均优于对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05);试验组患儿营养中断次数、机械通气时间及入住PICU时间均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论早期肠内营养支持方案应用于重症颅脑损伤患儿具有安全性与可行性,有助于改善患儿的营养指标,减少营养中断次数,缩短机械通气时间以及入住PICU时间,从而促进患儿恢复,值得在临床推广。

Objective To explore the safety and effect of early enteral nutrition support program in children with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods Using convenient sampling method,102 children met the standard were divided into test group and control group,control group were used routine nursing,test group on the basis of routine nursing were conducted nurse leading early intestinal nutrition support scheme.Two groups of children gastrointestinal complications,48 h intestinal nutrition,albumin,total protein content and weight changes,nutritional interruptions,mechanical ventilation time,and PICU time were compared.Results The difference of gastrointestinal adverse reactions between the two groups had no significance(P>0.05),the number of cases performed within 48 h,7 d,14 d albumin,total protein and weight were better than the control group(P<0.01 or P<0.05),the number of nutritional interruptions in the experimental group,mechanical ventilation time and days of PICU stay were lower than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The safety and feasibility of early intestinal nutrition support program in children with severe craniocerebral injury can help improve the nutritional index,reduce the number of nutritional interruption,shorten the mechanical ventilation time and PICU time,and thus promote the recovery of children,which is worth for clinical promotion.