保护抑或破坏:土族纳顿传承问题的批判

Research on the Inheritance and Protection about the"Nadun"of the Tu Ethnic Group

“纳顿”是青海省民和三川土族重大的庆祝丰收民俗活动,主旨酬谢地方神灵保佑农事生产获得丰收,因其文化内涵厚重,在三川土族文化体系中具有重要地位。但是近年来,它的传承与保护中出现传承主体流失、传承链断层,地方政府在传承保护工作中出现“民俗学主义”倾向、资金使用分配不科学和非遗传承人遴选机制不完善等问题。随着社会发展,地方神神性的下降,民间信仰色彩的淡化以及民众缺乏文化自觉和文化自信是其主要原因。纳顿的传承与保护,需要保护主体完善对文化土壤的保护、对传承主体的保护,鼓励学术界对纳顿的深入研究,媒体积极展开宣传,提升民众的文化自觉和文化自信。

"Nadun"is a folk event in Sanchuan Tu nationality region of Qinghai province which aim to celebrate the harvest.The main purpose is to reward local gods for blessing agricultural production and obtain a bumper harvest."Nadun"plays an important role in the cultural system of the Sanchuan Tu nationality.In recent years,there have been some problems in the inheritance and protection work,such as the break in the inheritance chain and the loss of the main body of inheritors,the unscientific use of funds and the imperfection of inheritors.With the development of society,the main reasons are the decline of local deities,the fading of the folk beliefs,and the lack of cultural awareness and cultural self-confidence of the local people.The inheritance and protection of"Nadun"requires local governments to improve the protection of cultural conditions and the protection of inheritance subjects,and to encourage in-depth research on the"Nadun"by the academic community,the media actively promotes,increase the people's cultural awareness and culture confidence.